Seeks to understand the internal processes involved in learning, such as perception, memory, problem-solving, and decision-making.

Seeks to understand the internal processes involved in learning, such as perception, memory, problem-solving, and decision-making.

• A. Behaviorism
• B. Constructivism
• C. Cognitivism
• D. Humanism

Answer: (C)

Cognitivism centers on the mental processes that underlie learning—how information is perceived, encoded, stored, and retrieved. It treats learners as active processors who organize knowledge using schemas, manage attention, and apply problem-solving strategies to reach decisions. This focus on perception, memory systems, problem-solving, and decision-making is what makes cognitivism the best fit. It explains how learners’ prior knowledge influences new learning and why clear explanations, organized information, and opportunities to rehearse retrieval and apply thinking strategies enhance understanding. In contrast, behaviorism emphasizes observable responses and reinforcement, while humanism highlights personal growth and motivation, and constructivism stresses knowledge construction through experience and social interaction. The description aligns most directly with cognitivism because it centers on internal cognitive activity as the driver of learning.

Cognitivism centers on the mental processes that underlie learning—how information is perceived, encoded, stored, and retrieved. It treats learners as active processors who organize knowledge using schemas, manage attention, and apply problem-solving strategies to reach decisions. This focus on perception, memory systems, problem-solving, and decision-making is what makes cognitivism the best fit. It explains how learners’ prior knowledge influences new learning and why clear explanations, organized information, and opportunities to rehearse retrieval and apply thinking strategies enhance understanding. In contrast, behaviorism emphasizes observable responses and reinforcement, while humanism highlights personal growth and motivation, and constructivism stresses knowledge construction through experience and social interaction. The description aligns most directly with cognitivism because it centers on internal cognitive activity as the driver of learning.